Stakeholder Analysis Is Important For Toyota Marketing Essay

Stakeholder Analysis Is Important For Toyota Marketing Essay2.0 INTRODUCTIONBusiness organisations pay to take their stakeholders into account in order to succeed in attaining its championship goals. The participations and supports from stakeholders are essential to ensure that business organization operations run smoothly. Stakeholder is either person, group or organisation that will be affected by the business activities and have aboutthing to earn or lose with the changes of business operations. Stakeholders take customers, suppliers, distributors, public, community, media, government, etc.2.1 NEW STRATEGIES FOR TOYOTA harmonise to the case study, Toyota was forced to recall its cars from the US market last year due to faulty brakes. This has affected Toyotas figure in the minds of stakeholders. In order to change stakeholders attitude towards Toyota, it has plan on implementing an effective ad hunting expedition as its new strategy.2.1.2 ADVERTISINGAccording to wordnetweb .princeton.edu, announce is defined as a public promotion of some product or service. In other words, ad is an military action of presenting a product or service to defecate people to purchase of it. publicize is one of marketing tool that is used to sell and promote the products or services of business organisations. Toyota provoke use ad campaign to incline potential customers to purchase the cars produced by its company. advert agency fundament be hired to over view their new product and advertise it to suck in the customers.The roles and function of advertising in the communication industry include firstly, to carry enhanced volumes of gross sales of products and services. For example, advertising house help Toyota to increase the sales volume of their product by giving pamphlets and brochures to the customers, media publicizing and etc. Secondly, advertising can generate awareness about offerings. For instance, the advertisement in billboards, flyers and media a dvertisement on Toyota is to draw off customers attention and inform customers on the latest promotion. For instance, to strive a new car model produced by the company. Thirdly, advertising induce trial of a new product and services offered. For example, Toyota Aygo is targeted to the younger generation. Therefore, by means of its advertisement, it can sop up the attention of the youth to purchase and use the car. Fourthly, advertising can also change perception and create reassurance. For example, a grievous advertisement will make customers feel that the cars produced by Toyota provides better grapheme and value compared to the cars which are produced by other companies. Besides that, advertising can also support sales promotional sponsorships and public relations activity, make announcements in public interest, and also motivate and impress trade channels.Advertising is a paid, non personal promotion of a product or service by an advertising agency to inform or persuade a particular target audience. Advertising has evolved to take a variety of forms and has permeated intimately every aspect of modern society. Advertising can take a number of forms, including advocacy, comparative, cooperative, and direct-mail, informational, institutional, outdoor, persuasive, product, reminder, point-of-purchase, and specialty advertising. For instance, Toyota can use the various delivery mechanisms for advertising include banners at sporting events, billboards, Internet Web sites, logos on clothing, magazines, newspapers, radio spots, and video commercials.Through advertising in newspaper and television, Toyota can provide informations to the customer on the models of cars which they offer. This method of advertising can attract large number of people as they are using agglomerate media communication. For example, in newspapers, we can generally see and read the Toyota advertisement regarding the models of cars offered by Toyota and its specifications. Toyota of fer quality products at an affordable price. In appendage to that, Toyotas television advertising which promotes Toyotas cars that are synonym with quality and sophistication will attract customers to purchase its products.Besides that, Toyota can also use outdoor advertising such as billboards and gists painted on the side of buildings. These are commons forms of outdoor advertising, which is often used when quick, simple ideas are being promoted. Since repeating is the key to successful promotion, outdoor advertising is most effective when find along heavily travelled city streets and when the product being promoted can be purchased locally. The advantage of advertising is that it gives the organization total control of the message that will be presented to the audience.2.2 IMPORTANCE OF STAKEHOLDER ANALYSISStakeholder analysis is meaning(a) for Toyota as it helps the organisation to analyse and investigate the interests of stakeholders that might be affected by the companys insurance and business operations. Besides that, through the implementation of stakeholder analysis, the potential conflicts and risks that would jeopardise the business operations of the organisation can be identified. In addition to that, a stakeholder analysis assist Toyota in identifying the opportunities and relationships that can be make on between the organisation and its stakeholders during the implementation stage. Furthermore, Toyota can identify the groups that should be supported to take part in the various different stages of the business activities. Moreover, stakeholder analysis aids Toyota in developing appropriate strategies for stakeholder engagement activity by communicating with its stakeholders. Lastly, stakeholder analysis help Toyota in analysing on methods to abate the negative impacts on vulnerable groups.2.3 CONCLUSIONStakeholder analysis serves as an important tool to identify and analyse the relationships between several different stakeholders, in any event gaining an understanding on their perceptions on key issues. Stakeholders participation is important for the sustainability of an organisation. This is because, the policy and activities of the organisation will be affected if the stakeholders support or pair to the companys policy. In the case of Toyota USA, its image in the stakeholders minds has dropped due to the recall of its cars from the market. Toyota realized that it has to change the stakeholders attitude and perception of its company, therefore Toyota developed an advertising campaign which serves as its new strategy in order to gain bear out the shareholders trust of its organisation as one of the market leader in car manufacturing.

The Future of Low Cost Airlines

The Future of suffering Cost AirlinesIn the last ten forms abjecter-ranking salute air passages such asRyanair and EasyJet wear alter the face of international touristry inatomic repress 63. What is the secret of their success and, bearing in mind the attachevidence that bunco-haul aviation is a major contri andor to atmospheric contaminant and global warming, what is their future?Contents (Jump to)Introduction europiums Skies by and by deregulatingConclusionBibliographyIntroductionRyanair signaled Europes entry into the blue expenditure upstartsboy commercialise section in 1991 when it transformed from a normal regional air duct to whiz found on the U.S. s emergehwestern unify States Airlines fabric ( outside(a) Civil Aviation Organization, 2003). In reality, the first successful meek live air lanes was Pacific southwestern coupled States Airlines that began trading operations on 6 whitethorn 1949 and earned the distinction of embarrassed woo as it flew sailors for secondary computer menus dowry San Francisco, San Diego and Burbank in the state of California (jeypsa.com, 2007). The modern daylight low court Southwest Airlines initiated service in 1971 and has managed a profit in both year of operation since 1973, and spiels the bloodline model that low damage carriers shake emulated (Southwest Airlines, 2007). In achieving a thirty pct yearly increment valuate, Ryanair has transformed the securities industry utilizing a strategy of serving the leisure market in the midst of Ireland and the United Kingdom, expanding to 22 countries (Ryanair, 2007a). The company has built upon is position of universe Europes first low f atomic number 18 air passage to achieve a brand recognition that carries with it that immediate connection in the minds of consumers. It likewise has sharply increase its route structure, take into accounts a pleasurable service experience, conducts memorable advertising, and held upon to set strategy to lure consumers (Ericsson, 2007). As a globally successful carrier in terms of remuneration, safety valves and passengers, Ryanair serves the f argon conscious leisure and business segment of the market (Ryanair, 2007b).Founded by Sir Stellios Haji-Ioannou in October 1995, easyJet serves the leisure and business segment of the market, resembling its competitor Ryanair, and contains in excess of 200 routes to 65 airdromes without Europe (easyJet, 2007). Like Ryanair, easyJets business model is patterned after Southwest Airlines, offering low bell f bes, dodging whatchamacallum and service that is similar to Ryanair, indeedly their respective strategies are basically the same, with the exception that easyJet wing to much than primary airports than Ryanair which utilizes secondary airports to save on in operation(p) follows (easyJet, 2007). Thus, fare pricing, name recognition, branding, services, and destinations are behind the success of this carrier. The success of the low live carrier c at oncept has taken Europe by storm, introducing the market to a cheap, quick mode of transport with the low fare carriers making feeling-provoking expansion plans and placing large alleges for saucily planes (Bonggeli and Pompeo, 2002). However, there are environmental solicitudes that have acclaim to the forefront as take outflowing has never been easier, or cheaper, where hornswoggle distance flights has spurred an increased demand for air travel (Bowe et al, 2004). Given the proportional inexpensiveness of flights, the plethora of destinations, and the ease of meshwork troth The demand to fly in Europe is forecast to triple by 2030 this has raised serious concerns among environmental groups concerning air pollution as headspring as the increased rate of greenhouse gas emissions (Bowe et al, 2004). One of the main underpinnings of the low cost skyway system popularity is the availability of flights to al close to any des tination near a obligeable airport, either a hub, prime, airport or secondary airport located further from the principle destination which bureau pull down get fees for carriers, and consequently a viable aspect of their internal cost sculpture measures (Bowe et al, 2004). The popularity of being able to compare flight costs, travel times, and destinations via lucre appointment is a factor that consumers have also taken to, a coherent with the more(prenominal) than open travel that has terminationed from deregulation that has allowed new entrants into the field.The business model of low cost carriers seek to utilize airports with lower congestion near game population densities, and preferred travel destinations using a single display case of airframe to reduce ground maintenance, and crew training/operating(a) costs, to force in a flight turnaround of 25 minutes lacking frills in-flight, and a simple fare structure (ATR, 2006). The preceding operational mode is accomm odate for senior high school fleet flights, increased labour efficiency, along with lower maintenance, and operating costs (ATR, 2006). Internally, the aircraft have yet one passenger class, all with the same seating room room space, thus increasing cabin density permitting a higher(prenominal) per passenger flight carrying capacity to maximize on space, fuel and rip utilization to support the low fare structure (ATR, 2006). The elimination of food for thought (frills) also eliminates waste, and reduces internal operating costs, add to this equation. Employees at low cost carriers at encouraged non to join trade unions, in order to avoid the unionised working practices that would cut into their efficiency stance (Vella, 2006).all(a) of the foregoing has meant increased flights, resulting in p member emissions in the form of soot, metals, and sulphuric acid that indirectly influence climate change by create additional cirrus clouds to form which traps rising heat (Bowe et a l, 2004). The environmental concern has resulted in the European Commission announcing a proposal in declination 2006 that would call for airlines that fly within the European Union to follow one C dioxide emissions trading in 2001 which would be imposed on all former(a) flights in 2012 (The capital of the United States generation, 2006). Under the plan, 1.80 and 9 would be added to the cost of tickets for intra European flights, and higher fees imposed for long haul flights (International Herald Tribune, 2006). The preceding meaning that alternative short trip transportation has become an increasing competitor. alternating(a) short trip transportation is represented by high-speed inveigh that results in substantially reduced CO2 emissions, which are estimated as being virtually 300% lower than air flight transport (Bowe et al, 2004). Ryanair is combating the new emission policy through the purchase of newer fuel-efficient airframes that carry more passengers, and in spite of using more fuel still generate little emission (Airline publicise, 2007). The airline, Ryanair, emits an estimated two to three tonnes of harmful greenhouse gases which makes it one of Irelands largest corporate polluters (UK Airport News.info, 2006). It is estimated that it would take 2.25 million trees until 2076 to offset the emission created by Ryanair in 2005 alone, not to mention its continued operations, or roughly one fifth of Ireland would have to be planted with trees for for each one one year of the companys operation (UK Airport News.info, 2006). measly cost airlines are projected to capture 25% of the intra-European market by 2010 up from the 5% through 7% recorded during 2004 and 2005 (Schneiderbaur and Fainsilber, 2006). The issues of pollution as well as aspiration from high-speed short haul sound off travel, and intense competition within the low cost segment that go away bring or so consolidation are environmental, and competitive issues, however t he European appetite for the fast transportation solutions posed by low cost carriers will not be severely impacted by alternative transportation or environmental issues as airlines will defend and adapt to changing issues.The airline persistence is a highly concentrated one, with half of all airframes operated by just 17 carriers (AirlinesGate, 2001). The United States airline industry was deregulated in 1978, foregoing to which there was a governmental agency that determined the routes each airline flew and oversaw the prices they charged (AirlinesGate, 2001). The Civil Aeronautics Board in 1976 asked the United States coitus to eliminate the governmental regulatory system to allow the industry to operate under free market forces, which was followed by the Airline deregulating mould of 1978 (Stanford University, 2001). The Airline industry in Europe, previous to a series of loosening measures that started in 1987, was a highly regulated market with a number of state owned a irlines receiving subsidies, and the restriction that only national droop carriers could fly between countries (AirlinesGate, 2001). Subsidies and restricted access limited the ability of new entrants, and kept fares high, as well as limited service as the airline cartels set prices, and determined service. The airline industry in Europe prior to deregulation consisted of restricted bilateral agreements between the flag carriers of two countries, commonly setting limits or terms concerning capacity, revenue sacramental manduction and fares (Button, 1996, pp. 70-80).The European airline industry under a traditional bilateral agreement consisted of a singular designated airline per route from each country, with the only routes permitted were those as specified in these agreements (Doganis, 1994, pp. 15-25). In terms of capacity, there was a 50- 50 sharing agreement, and the fares were subject to the approval of the government of both countries as negotiated through the Internatio nal Air Transport Association (Doganis, 1994, pp. 15-25). Under liberalized bilateral agreements the airlines instantaneously operated under multiple designations, with open market access, capacity controls were eliminated, and fares were rejected only if the governments of both countries disapproved (Doganis, 1994, pp. 15-25). The 1993 European Union deregulation package provided for a unvarying licensing criteria for airlines in all countries belonging to the EU, and eliminated distinctions regarding scheduled, and non-scheduled service. In terms of routes, it provides for open market access in all European Union countries, with capacity sharing restrictions removed (Doganis, 1994, pp. 15-25). Lastly, airlines were free to price fares with a very limited retroflex disapproval, and it imposed safeguards concerning predatory fare pricing.Europes Skies After DeregulationThe European Union embarked upon the road of the deregulation of airline policy in the latter part of 1980, proc eeding on a staggered tolerate starting line with the 1987 deregulation package under the Treaty of Rome competition articles (Button and Swan, 1996, pp. 259-282). This allowed for the EU to grant exemptions concerning the recovers, thus gradually phasing in the process of deregulation to provide for an orderly entry towards liberalisation and the successive packages to follow (Button and Swan, 1996, pp. 259-282). The three-phased process end in 1997 whereby carriers were granted permission to operate domestic routes throughout the EU (Button and Swan, 1996, pp. 259-282). The importance of the gradual process of deregulation eliminated the monopoly power that was in stupefy that represented stinting regulation that eliminated free competition and under economic theory lowers productivity, resulting in higher prices, and creates inefficiency (Winston, 1993, pp. 1263-1289). In effect the higher profits expected in a regulated environment that resulted in monopolistic power was of fset by higher operating costs repayable to inefficiencies. Deregulation set the grounds for increased freedom in pricing, and thus increased operating efficiencies as a result of competition as new firms could enter a market and through their improved operations offer lower prices thus taking market share (Doganis, 1994, pp. 15-25).Deregulation represented a change in route structures that was one of the most important aspects (Morrison and Winston, 1989, pp. 61-122). As a result of deregulation national flag carriers have had to con bleed with new entrants thereby increasing competitive pressures as well as fare changes. The preceding open door for new market entrants has seen a signifi potentiometert increase in regional airlines, and the low cost airlines (AirlinesGate, 2001). Increased competition has caused airline management to improve operations, interpose and seek new technologies, and overall heighten operational management mundaneness and marketing. The marketing model of low cost carriers in providing low cost fares to markets through high flight utilization lowered internal operating costs, use where possible of secondary lower fee airports, higher airframe seating capacity, and no in-flight services providing Europeans with new options concerning the manner they thought about air travel. The leisure class was affected the most in that the dramatically lower fares enabled consumers to think about three and four day get-aways and mini vacations external of traditional vacation periods, developing to the point where calendar weekends fitted the mode.previous to deregulation, the market was neatly divided (with) Scheduled carriers, focusing primarily on business travelers, controlled 75 percentage of the intra-European market and charter airline haughty the remaining 25 percent (Bonggeli and Pompeo, 2002). Charter airlines sold aircraft time and seating capacity to tour operators for tourists seeking sun filled vacations (Bonggeli and Pompe o, 2002). low gear cost carriers changed these dynamics through their one passenger class, increased airframe seating, fast flight turnaround, no frills, Internet booking business model. These factors permitted low cost carriers to fares that are 50 to 70 percent lower than the flag carriers, or incumbents, attracting price sensitive travelers, but not appealing as much regarding the convenience and flexibility business travelers seek, even though Ryanair has managed to snag a sound percentage of business travelers (Bonggeli and Pompeo, 2002). And the growth of the low cost carriers has not come at the expense of the incumbents, but rather as a result of their pricing and service policies. outseter fares have prompted people to fly as a result of increased affordability, opting for planes over rail, vehicles or not traveling at all (Shelley, 2005). And this extends even to the business segment of the market where companies that normally could not afford the expense of a business trip can schedule fares to conduct business on a face-to-face basis (Shelley, 2005). The large number of low cost flights as a result of the increased number of carriers means that finding a flight to suit business parameters is an easy task as a result of Internet booking. Thus the low cost model has grown not as a result of stealing market share, but rather from expanding the consumer base. down in the mouth Cost airlines compete on price as argue to quality, utilizing the aforementioned(prenominal) one passenger class, increased airframe seating, fast flight turnaround, no frills, Internet booking business model. However, the application of the preceding does vary. Ryanair, for example, primarily operates its routes to secondary airports, reaping the benefits of dramatically reduced airport fees that on average are 65 percent below primary airports (Bonggeli and Pompeo, 2002). This internal operational method permits Ryanair to offer fares that are the final in the industry, yet turn a profit when more than 55 percent of its seats are occupied (Bonggeli and Pompeo, 2002). EasyJet, which generally flies into main airports, and on average flies to its destinations three times per week as opposed to Ryanairs two, needs a 75 percent capacity rate (Bonggeli and Pompeo, 2002). EasyJet, because of its increased flight schedule, contends that 50 percent of its passengers tend to be traveling on business (Bonggeli and Pompeo, 2002). The competitive nature of the industry to induce trial has seen Ryanair offer seats for free, requiring passengers to pay just the flight taxes and services charges, that usually amount to around 19 or more, each way (Rockmael, 2005). The elimination of assigned seating, decent legroom, complimentary meals and or beverages, luggage policies and limited service are how low cost carriers cut costs. controversy in this segment has increased to the point whereby there are approximately 60 low cost carriers in Europe, with names such as Flybaboo, JetFree, JetMagaic, Duo, Volareweb.com, Air Berlin, Germanwings and BMIbaby, to name a few (Rockmael, 2005). The efficiency drive at low cost carriers in cutting costs and utilizing standardized operations, and equipment has resulted in, on average, that they need just 80 employees to support each aircraft as opposed to the 115 utilized by incumbents (The Economist, 2004). And in Europe Internet booking has really caught on representing 99 percent of all low cost booking, as opposed to just 75 percent in the United States (The Economist, 2004). Search engines such as wegolo.com, applefares.com, searchlowestfares.com, skyscanner.net and openjet.com aid consumers in finding the lowest fares (Rockmael, 2005). The dynamics of travel in Europe are influenced by a number of geographical factors. In countries such as France, Spain and even Germany, low cost travel for pleasure as well as business can also be accomplished by high-speed rail, thus making alternative transport forms more competitive, which is not the case in the United Kingdom (Bonggeli and Pompeo, 2002). naughty-speed rail gains an advantage in that the departures are from city centre to city centre, thus cutting down on the time to commute to airports and the extra money for cabs or parking fees and gas. This explains the lower growth deferential of low cost carriers on Europes continent, as opposed to in the United Kingdom (Airline Bulletin, 2007). Located outside Continental Europe, the UK has a higher concentration of easy to reach airports, also balanced with a high level of business and leisure dealings that does not have alternative travel means to the continent. The preceding has been a factor in the tremendous growth of low cost carriers based out of the UK on flights traveling to the continent that has increased by a rate of 25 percent, as opposed to intra European flights. Traveling to the UK has increased by just 3 percent, in all making the United Kingdom Europes biggest low cos t market (Bonggeli and Pompeo, 2002). protective covering issues at UK airports are resulting in delays in check-in that is affecting the low cost business model that calls for faster flight turnarounds resulting in ample flight cancellations (Capell, 2006). Air travel has changed dramatically from the glamour industry it once was, to one of transporting people. Fares have dropped to the point whereby a flight from London to Turin, Italy, can be as low as 10 each way, sum 15 in taxes (Backman, 2002). Ryanair grounded 270 of 750 departures during the summer of 2006, and easyJet suffered in excess of 500 scrub flights as a result of new security rules delaying boarding (Backman, 2002). The higher security rules are threatening the UKs low cost carriers, who are thinking of imposing a carry on luggage rule to combat the problem, and potentially adding limited food and drink to passengers to compensate passengers for their put under (Backman, 2002). As a result, the increased delays , and higher ticket costs as a result of taxes have turned few passengers off utilizing short haul air flights. The preceding situation is aiding rail travel as passenger seek a less restrictive travel means in the UK as well as getting to continental Europe. Eurostar, which provides high speed rail to the continent has seen their passenger traffic increase 27 percent between the 10th and 13th of supercilious 2006 as a result (Airline Bulletin, 2006).ConclusionThe issues of pollution, the CO2 emissions trading scheme, higher low cost fare taxes, airport security issues, alternative high speed rail travel, and stiffening competition presents new obstacles to the continued growth of low cost carriers. Thus low cost carriers are looking at long haul routes to offset a slowing short haul market, livery them into more direct competition with incumbents such as British Airways, and British Midlands, both of whom have cut near fares on a orbital cavity of short haul routes as have KLM and Scandinavian Airlines and Lufthansa (Bonggeli and Pompeo, 2002). This means that incumbents represent another competitor factor facing low cost carriers as they see the high in sector competition weakening their position, thus providing a means for them to further eroded growth and recapture some business themselves in a market that does have finite growth potential.The weaker players in the low cost segment such as SkyEurope and Hungarys Wizz have higher survivability risks as newer entrants which the industry predicts will weed out weaked carriers through consolidation and business model failures (Capell, 2006). The continued realities of rising flight taxes, airport security issues, and carriers such as British Airways, KLM and Lufthansa, to name a few, are making concerted efforts to dip into the low cost model on selected high traffic routes, even though collectively, meaning the UK and continental Europe, holds just 7 percent of all intra European travel in terms o f passengers flown, and are still short of the 25 percent market share achieved by low cost carriers in the United States. And that is the origin for the attack of incumbents now, as opposed to waiting for what happened to their U.S. counterparts (Forbes.com, 2002).Incumbents and low cost carriers are converging in terms of each sector looking at the others markets as a means to increased passenger travel, with each adopting some of the features of the others operational model as Europes skies become more blended in terms of competing for growth and revenues. Thus the reduction of frills is transport some incumbents into the province of the low cost carriers to block further passenger inroads. The future for low cost carriers is seemingly summed up by an article in USA Today (2003) that sees Ryanair and easyJets dominant positions, and UK flying base as long-term positives, while low cost competitors on the continent will face increasing competitive pressures from these two domina nt players as well as from other low cost carriers and incumbents.BibliographyAirline Bulletin (2007) Is Ryanair the Low-Fare, High Emissions Airline? 7 January 2007. Retrieved on 9 adjoin 2007 from http//www.airlinebulletin.com/ryanair/index.htmlAirline Bulletin (2006) Security fallout on European Low-Cost Airlines. 14 August 2006. Retrieved on 8 troop 2007 from http//www.airlinebulletin.com/european_carriers/index.htmlAirlinesGate (2001) Airline Industry. Retrieved on 7 bound 2007 from http//airlinesgate.free.fr/industry.htmATR (2006) Low-fare, Low-cost Business Model in Europe A take a chance or a Chance for Regional Carriers? Retrieved on 7 jar against 2007 from http//www.atraircraft.com/downl/Fiche low-cost 2005.pdfBackman, M. (2002) Europe shows the way with dirt-cheap flights. 30 May 2002. Retrieved on 8 March 2007 from http//www.theage.com.au/articles/2002/05/29/1022569791615.htmlBowe, R., Hartley, K., OConnor, R. (20) Flying the Dirty Skies Environmental Fallout from the Low-budget Travel Craze. September October 2004. Vol. 15. E MagazineBinggeli, U., Pompeo, L. (2002) Hyped Hopes for Europes Low Cost Airlines Europes Most Successful no-frills(prenominal) Carriers are Making a Lot of Money, but as They full-blown They Will Have Problems Expanding. The McKinsey QuarterlyButton, K. (1996) Aviation Deregulation in the European Union Do Actors Learn in the Regulation Game? Vol. 14, tally 1. Contemporary frugal PolicyButton, K., Swan, D. (1996) European Community Airlines Deregulation and its Problems. Vol. 27, tot up 4. journal of common Market StudiesCapell, K. (2006) A Low Season for Low Cost Airlines? 16 August 2006. Retrieved on 8 March 2007 from http//www.businessweek.com/globalbiz/ heart/aug2006/gb20060816_732287.htmDoganis, R. (1994) The Impact of Liberalisation on European Airline Strategies and Operations. Vol. 1, Number 1. Journal of Air Transport ManagementeasyJet (2007) Company overview. Retrieved on 6 March 2007 from http//www.eas yjet.com/EN/About/Information/index.htmlEricsson (2007) The Ryanair Success Story. Price as Brand. Retrieved on 6 March 2007 from http//www.ericsson.com/telecomreport/article.asp?aid=10tid=85ma=1msa=3Forbes.com (2002) Hyped Hopes for Europes Low Cost Airlines. 10 October 2002. Retrieved on 9 March 2007 from http//www.forbes.com/technology/futuretech/2002/10/10/1010mckinsey.htmlInternational Civil Aviation Organization (2003) The Impact of Low Cost Carriers in Europe. Retrieved on 6 March 2007 from http//www.icao.int/icao/en/atb/ecp/CaseStudies/Europe_LowCost_En.pdfInternational Herald Tribune (2006) EU to include airlines in carbon trading program. 20 December 2006. International Herald Tribunejetpsa (2007) The History of PSA. Retrieved on 6 March 2007 from http//www.jetpsa.com/index/history.htmlMorrison, S., Winston, C. (1989) Enhancing the Performance of the Deregulated Air Transportation System. Brookings Papers on Economic ActivityRockmael, K. (2005) The Dark Side of Europes Low -Fare Airlines. 25 February 2005. Retrieved on 8 March 2007 from http//www.budgettravelonline.com/bt-dyn/content/article/2005/06/04/AR2005060400819.htmlRyanair (2007a) About Us. Retrieved on 6 March 2007 from http//www.ryanair.com/site/EN/about.php?page=AboutRyanair (2007b) Strategy. Retrieved on 6 March 2007 from http//www.ryanair.com/site/about/invest/docs/Strategy.pdfSchneiderbauer, D., Fainsilber, O. (2006) Low-cost Airlines Gaining Momentum in Europe. Retrieved on 7 March 2007 from http//www.mercermc.com/Perspectives/Specialty/MOT_pdfs/3-Low-Cost Airlines.pdfShelley, M. (2005) Get off to e flying start. 24 November 2005. Daily RecordSouthwest Airlines (2007) We Werent but Airborne Yesterday. Retrieved on 6 March 2007 from http//www.southwest.com/about_swa/airborne.htmlStanford University (2001) The Airline Industry. Retrieved on 7 March 2007 from http//adg.stanford.edu/aa241/intro/airlineindustry.htmlThe Economist (24) Turbulent skies. 8 July 2004. The EconomistThe Washington Times (2006) Europeans Eye Tough Emissions Rules for Airlines. 21 December 2006. The Washington TimesUK-Airport-News.info (2006) Ryanair tops Irish air pollution league. 26 February 2006. Retrievedon 9 March 2007 from http//www.uk-airport- intelligence activity.info/stansted-airport-news-260206a.htmUSA Today (2003) European low-cost airlines fly high, but face hard landing. Retrieved on 8 March 2007 from http//www.usatoday.com/travel/news/2003-11-03-europe-lowcost_x.htmWinston, C. (1993) Economic Deregulation Days of Reckoning for Macroeconomists. Vol. 31. Journal of Economic literary worksVella, M. (2006) The thrills of no-frills. 12 November 2006. Retrieved on 7 March 2007 from http//www.maltatoday.com.mt/2006/11/12/t8.html

Critical Self Reflection Of Social Work

Critical Self animadversion Of Social fieldAs feminist writer Starhawk said, Only when we sleep with how we puddle been shaped by the structures of magnate in which we live just nowt joint we become shapers (Staehawk, 1988) It is essential for forevery participant of well-disposed activity to admit our own complex accessible mendings, complaisant position, and identities. By acknowledge how these factors be processed, we could under hold what privilege we has hold and what oppression we atomic number 18 posit in put to improve our capacity for social work and act anti-oppressively in our daily life.Features of Social LocationsOur memberships argon interactional, they be come into existence in and through relation to atomic number 53 an early(a). (Ringrose, 2002) Knowing what futures of our social locations ar and how they are consolidated and changed by each other could improve the depth of our self- sentiency and model us be critical.People usually ask me ince rtitudes closely my nationality, location of home town, and my occupation when we start a conversation. Therefore, roughly of time I am identified as a female student who comes from a ontogenesis country of Southeast Asia. Broadly speaking, the reason why these questions return been asked unremarkably during our communication is because of these social location have a same indication which has a huge impact on our behaviors, accents, appearances. In the other words, they are visible and audible for people to recognized and identify. However, compare with these social locations, my governmental affiliations, religion are more difficult for others to indentify due to the abstraction of these social locations that make them relatively invisible and inaudible. The influence of these social locations are ideological. They have constructed our ideology, social norm and even have shaped our individuality. My social locations are mixed, I am an oppressor while I am oppressed by othe rs. Understanding these features of my social locations could garter me to aware the privileges, powers, and in legal expert that these social locations have been bought to me and to keep off these unfair privilege, power over and subjective feelings of in arbiter , in evidence to share power with others and practice anti-oppressively in daily life. put across of Identity from SocietyAs Aristotle has tiered out in his book Politics, valet de chambre is by nature a social animal, (Stagiritis, 2000) human be eternally has demand to connect with others in come out to gain a whizz of belonging in society. They have been self-locating, identifying others and being identified base on their experience, education, religion, race, gender and more elements of society during their connection which means that our complex identity have been constructed by these elements.As an individual with multi-dimensional identity, I have been authoritative various societal kernel in my daily life . Some of these messages are relate to my cultural background while close to messages relate to other elements. I moved to a capital city which named Kunming from Shilin (a small town of southwest China) when I was young, for the send-off few days in my impertinent school I have a bun in the oven the traditional Yi costume as what I did in my previous school in Shilin as an Yi people. However, my new classmates gave me a hard time because of I wear a dress with embroidered totem or else of wearing a rule dress as they did my teacher punish me to stand on a chair with arms extended upward in front of the entire school because I ref apply to take off my bracelet on the weekly assembly. Although I spoke fluently mandarin orange tree and had been raised in an urban intellectual family as majority had, most of students even teachers in my new school shown their unwillingness to communicate with me and use your people to separated me from them. In my recording, the difficulty to fell a smell out of belonging and acceptance ( jam, 1991) causes the feeling of being isolation, it was a societal message about my identity at that time. The message are conveyed to me by single out me bodilyly and psychologically from the majority. After receiving the message I started to refuse to wear any Yi clothes and accessories to school because the painfulness from being isolated from normal people was unbearable for me as a teenager. During that time, my identity had been adjusted by following the process which has been layed out by Smith, moving from unawareness and pretermit of differentiation to ethnic awareness and self-identification (Smith, 1991).Power and PrivilegeOur society is assorted in many aspects, such as gender, religion, age etc. These differentiations cause(s) fear, mistrust, and villainy (Uvic, 2004 ) and bring us advantage and disadvantage in our life. What is more, these differentiations have been used as justification for holding belief in the s uperiority of one way of being over another (Uvic, 2004) . We need to understand what flake of power has been embedded in our social locations in rewrite to practice anti-oppressively when we face the in friction matchity and un justice.Being a twenty-one year-old hetero versed female, I have been experienced power-from-within and power-with due to my complex social locations. As being delimit as a young people, there are various resources and opportunities out there for me when I need them such as delight resources ,education opportunity etc. These elements erect me materially and emotionally supports to help me increment personal power in order to against the oppression from society. However, I should not feel happy with this unequal advantages because this commit ageism does not provide equally opportunity for elder to take part in important social activity or exercise their capacities in socially defined and recognized ways (Muallaly, 2002) . In order to resist privilege and honorary advantage, I have been participated in a volunteer group which industrial plant with elder and to power connect with them in order decrease the influences of institutionalized ageism on elder. Meanwhile, as being a heterosexual female I have holding many invisible and visible privileges. For example, I will not be judged by people if I give-up the ghost in hand and walk on street with my boyfriend my sexual orientation will not be treated as unlawful or abnormal. There are many social constructions are make base on the assumption that every individuals sexual attractions are to someone of opposite sex. Instead of seeing these privilege as advantage, we should not further see them as social resistances and avoid power-over in our practice, but similarly respect and support all non-transitional forms of sexuality (Uvic, 2004 ) by following dun Theory. These unfair and unearned advantages will resist our society to develop comprehensively, humanely and justly and we definitely have the province to be aware of transmutation and never assume people around us.Purpose of Social pull inIt is essential for social worker to know the inclinations of this avocation because these purposes are the vigilance for us and provide clients with a constructive solution when we work with them.When I began this course, in my understanding the purpose of social work was improving the physical environment of individual as in a micro take aim and promote the justice of society as in a large level. As my learning about this calling has been processing, my ideas of social work purpose have expanded. According to purpose for this profession which is defined by The subject area Association of Social Workers, the mission is promote or restore a mutually beneficial interaction between individuals and society in order to improve the quality of life for everyone (Dubois, 2004), this profession assists individuals to create a verificatory social system that he lp clients to achieve their personal goals. Dubois and Krogsrud have mentioned about social work purpose in their book Social Work An Empowering Profession, they said social workers strived to release human power in order to ensure the well performance for individual and to release social power in order to promote social injustice. (Dubois, 2004) More specifically, the purpose in Micro level is to enhance clients ability for social functioning and to get together individuals with favorable resources. From a macro perspective, the purpose is to stimulate the development of social justice. These purposes are leading entire profession to strive to create an best society.Social JusticeSocial justice is a key point to promote the fairness and equity in our social environment. Depending on the innovation of this course, there are some elements which are necessary for social justice to exist. These elements are acknowledgment of the connections between social with politic and economy (U vic, 2004 ), awareness of social injustice, action and movement, fairness of policy, and equality of social opportunity. In order to promote the justice of social construction, I have positioned myself as a participant of social activity who has desire to against injustice and have responsibility to think critically, act anti-oppressively with belief in that everyone has right to share equal physical resources and to be benefited from comprehensive policy. However, there are might resistances stand in my way when I involve activities to fight for political justice and economic re dispersal. These resistances could be lack of resources and effect of bureaucratization. In order to avoid the resistance from these two dimensions, I should not be afraid to question the policy and speak out to let government know what is mandatory by people. Also think and act critically instead of running(a) hidebound. Bridget used her action to examine that everyone has ability to make difference in ou r society. We shall never give up our goal for working to promote justice in social system. As Ameri fundament social critic James Baldwin said, according to the way people see it, and if you bottom alter, even by a millimeter, the way people look at reality, then you can change the world.About This ProfessionSocial Work is a profession which attempts to demonstrated the interconnectedness between individual changes and social changes (Uvic,2004). To some extent, the aboriginal purposes could include unpacking the complicity both in societal structure and individual life. This profession should not position itself as an caring and help institution and hinderance in this image, this profession should stand out to reconnect the political with social (Uvic, 2004 ) and involve the economic redistrubution in order to ensure that everyone has equal worth, opportunity, and dignity in society. There are two questions I need to be answered, first question is how to act anti-bureaucratical ly in workplace and the second one is what can I do when there is no matching resources for clients. To practice efficiency, I need to get spiritual and technical supports from myself and co-worker, and people around me to point out what I did wrong. This activity from Art Journal helps me to understand myself best and help me to know why I choose this profession, it also help me to know what is boundary when I work with clients.Our society is not perfect, to some degree its awareness for diversity, injustice government policy and inequality distribution of physical resources are resisting the promotion of social justice. we have responsibility to understand clearly what our ideology perspective is and what power we have due to our social locations and identities. These could release human power and social power in order to enhance social functioning and social policy. Sometimes it is not unclouded to have the visible effect for promoting the quality of life to entire society, but it worth us to strive for and fight for. As a Chinese old saying goes No act of kindness, no matter how small, is ever wasted.

Strategies to Improve Personal Skills

Strategies to Improve Personal Skills validatory ATTITUDEWhatever I want to achieve in this creative activity whiz thing is very important to understand that off front I r all(prenominal) my goal, forward I set my goal or before I desire for something, it is very important to shed a commanding carriage, I have to pull out rid of the pessimist streak in me which impart cause hinder the progress every judgment of conviction if things doesnt go my way.The positivist attitude is also applic qualified when I am dealing with others as most of them be just like me trying to do their best. My attitude will motivate them as well, and will suspensor me too.When I am applying for a take shape position, I have to research what that employer needs. Then snub my Attitude and Approach to fit that employer.When I practice this Attitude and Approach, more(prenominal) oft beats than Ill find that by helping them first, theyll be more willing to help me in return.In other words when I present myself to an employer as a person who cares about their needs, an employer is more probable to present me with what I need a job offer. TIME troubleA age wariness skill is my ability to signalize and illuminate personal time management problems. With good time management skills I am in control of my time and my life, of my stress and energy levels. My manage progress at work. I am able to maintain balance wheel between my work, personal, and family lives. Ill have enough flexibility to respond to surprises or new opportunities. AVOID PROCRASTINATION AND LAZINESSA basic translation of procrastination is putting off the things that you should be doing now. This happens with all of us time after time.Yet, what draws a big difference for your success is your ability to recognize procrastination reasons and expressions in their different forms, and to promptly take them under control, before this bad habit steals your opportunities, damages your career and pride, or destroys your relationships. So why do not you do it now?Causes of procrastinationWaiting for the business moodWaiting for the right timeLack of clear goalsUnderestimating the trouble of the delegatesUnderestimating the time required to complete the designatesUnclear standards for the task outcomesFeeling as the tasks are imposed on you from outsideToo ambiguous taskMETHODS TO IMPROVE PROFESSIONAL SKILLMULTITASKINGI should concentrate on multitasking. Multitasking fundamentally means where i can handle more than one task at the resembling time efficiently and effectivelyNETWORKINGNetworking is an intentional forge of developing relationship between individual in order to convert information, advice, resources, and support. It is a long-term investment conscious, ongoing and reciprocal. Networking is not spontaneous, unplanned or manipulative.DECISION MAKING SKILLS AND TECHNIQUESI should use my decision making skills to mould problems by selecting one course of action from several possible alternatives. finis making skills are also a key component of time management skills. Decision Making can be hard, almost all decision involves some conflicts or dissatisfaction. The difficult part is to pick one solution where the positive outcome can outweigh possible losses. Avoiding decisions often seems easier. Yet, making my own decisions and accepting the consequences is the only way to stay in control of my time, my success, and my life, if i want to learn more on how to make a decision.TEAM WORK AND TEAM BUILDING ESSENTIALSTeam structure skills are critical for my effectiveness as a manager or entrepreneur. And even if I am not in a management or leadership role yet, better understanding of squad work can make me a more effective employee and give me an purposeless edge in my corporate office. The other critical element of team work success is that all the team efforts are directed towards the same clear goals, the team goals. This relies heavily on go od communication in the team and the harmony in member relationships.Some additional team gradeing ideas, techniques, and tips I can use when managing teams in certain situation.I should make undisputable that the team goals are totally clear and on the whole understood and accepted by each team member.Make sure there is complete clarity in who is responsible for what and avoid coincide authority.Build trust with my team members by spending one-on-one time in an atmosphere of honesty and openness.Allow my office team members build trust and openness between each other in team building activities and events. Give them some opportunities of extra social time with each other in an atmosphere that encourages open communication.Remedies to improve One at a Time Set aside blocks of time each mean solar day to work exclusively on one specific task. With a particular practice and organization, I have found that Ill be able to accomplish a lot more during these concentrated time blocks . prioritise To avoid procrastination and to make sure that the most important tasks get completed in a timely manner, make a key each day of which tasks need to be addressed. By working on the most important tasks in the priority order I have determine, I have a work list that will help me avoid hopping from task to task.Set Aside Time If there are tasks i find consistently interrupting my main priorities, put limits on them. For example, get off my habit of checking my email throughout the day and set aside a specific time for it in the morning, afternoon and evening.Cut out Interruptions slue the likelihood of any interruptions that can get me sidetracked. If I am at my desk, working on my computer, turn off my instant messenger, lock out my email alerts and let co workers know I am busy. secernate and Conquer

Performance Analysis of One Dimension FDTD Code

Performance depth psychology of sensation Dimension FDTD CodePerformance compendium of One dimension FDTD regulation utilize jibe Processing TechniqueP. GUNAPANDIAN, M.R.SUBASREE, B. MANIMEGALAIAbstractThe requirement of womb-to-tomb touch while and large memory makes FDTD method impractical for more cases. Implementation of collimate processing in FDTD method is proposed in this paper. The implementation depends mainly on computer architecture and programming libraries under several(predicate) operating organizations. In this paper a several performance tests of a atomic turning 53 dimension FDTD reckon is tested in polar platforms. The results shows that jibe processing shows a linear decrease in eon and larger data handling which makes it as a right platform for hard structures.KeywordsFDTD, check processing, computer architecture, operating system, in series(p) processing.IntroductionComputational talent has advanced in the recent few decades. One of the mo st usual methods to crop Maxwells equations on arbitrary configurations of materials and field sources is the Finite conflicts on epoch Domain (FDTD) 1. There exist a number of techniques for enhancing the performance of the pompous FDTD, in order to obtain accuracy the conformal FDTD method which simulates the curved consummate(a) electrical conductor (PEC) 2,3. Sub-gridding technique is used to increase the mesh density in the local ara in which the field varies quickly 5,6. The Multi-Resolution date-Domain (MRTD) and Pseudo-Spectrum Time-Domain (PSTD) techniques are used to reduce the dispersion of the conventional yee grid 7,8. The above techniques mentioned are used to improve the conventional FDTD technique for the purpose of reducing either memory requirements or simulation time. The replicate-processing FDTD accelerates the FDTD simulation by distributing the job to tenfold processors, so that the avail fit memory for large chores is virtually unlimited. At the said(prenominal) time, the simulation time is dramatically reduced compared to a single-processor implementation. On the computational promontory of view the parallel processing have an important emolument which makes the parallel executions strategies easier.Parallel processing in computers is ground on dividing a computer enrol into a number of segments and distribution of the task among a number of computers/processors, which are then executed in parallel. This may be achieved on hardware-level, software level, or twain. Hardware-level parallelization necessitates alternative processor designs. Software-level parallelization move be either on data level or function level, depending on the characteristics of the code 9.In this paper one dimensional FDTD code is demonstrable for parallel processing. The performance analysis of the code civilizeed is compared with both consecutive and parallel. The code is simulated in distinct platforms and the results are obtained. Th e results shows the efficiency of the parallel processing in handling larger data and reduction of time compared to ensuant processing.FDTD METHODThe FDTD method is one of the well known approaches to solve Maxwells partial differential equations, because of its high versatility. FDTD algorithm is based on temporal and three-dimensional spatial discretization and it transforms the time-dependent Maxwells curve equations into a set of finite-difference relations 10, 11.Boundary conditions are needed on the distinctness of the simulation theater of operations, among the several possible choices perfect matched layer (PML) boundary gutter be more accurate and the PML boundary is used in the developed code.One Dimension FDTDThe one dimension FDTD starts with the formulation of the Maxwells equations,Where E and H are electric and magnetic field appreciateively. The one dimension equation for Ex and Hy are given, which denotes the Electric field with respect to x direction and magn etic field with respect to y direction. The modify equations are given in (3) and (4).The FDTD update equations are used to develop the Matlab code and the code is excited with the Gaussian shiver and the results are obtained. correspond FDTDAccording to the principle of FDTD algorithm, the electromagnetic field survey at sure position can be decided by the honour of persist time step at this position and electromagnetic field value of this time step at nearby position. The electromagnetic field value has no direct relation to the value at position farther from this point. So, the whole computational space can be divided into nigh sections that can be computed in some nodes of parallel compute system. The re-sentencing of field values in the midst of nodes can be executed but at interface between sections. According to the basic concept, the computing between parallel nodes can be executed to simulate the serial computing in a single PC or workstation. This is the key po int of our parallel FDTD algorithm. Fig.1 shows the methodology of serial and the parallel approach get a line 1. straight and parallel approachPARALLEL PROCESSING TECHNIQUEThe main composition of parallel processing starts with the updating the EM field theatrical roles in distributively processor in the same instant. When the computation updates a field component on the border of the domain, some values belonging to the border of the coterminous domain are required to avoid communications during the computations each shooter domain is surrounded by the border cells of the other domain. These border values are communicated after the updating phase. Thus the parallel processing is achieved.The frontmost step of the FDTD modeling starts with the one dimensional method. A Gaussian pulse is generated in the amount of money of the problem space and the pulse propagates in the both the directions. The time step is interpreted to be 500 iteration steps and the total time required for the signal is 500fs. The time seconds are careful by the time taken by the pulse to originate from the centre and to decay at the end.The Matlab code is developed for one dimensional FDTD for serial processing and the code is updated to parallel processing. The number of cells of the computation domain in alter by keeping the number of iterations constant and the time taken by the serial and the parallel processing is noteworthy. The go steady2 shows the comparison between the serial and parallel processing for different number of cells. From the figure 2 it is noted that the parallel processing code is able to process the large number of cells within the shorter period of time, thereby proving that the parallel processing can be used to process larger amount of data in shorter duration of time.Figure 2. Serial vs. parallel processingThe parallel processing code developed has been simulated in miscellaneous newer version Intel processors which is used to take the perform ance. The number of iterations are kept constant and the cell size is varied and the code is simulated in different Intel processors include i3, i5, i7 and Pentium processors. The results shows that the updated newer version i7 was able to process the data more quickly, so that the parallel processing can be used more expeditiously in higher versions system which is easy available now a days. Figure 3 shows the Comparision with different versions of the processors. From the results it is observed that the i7 processor was able to process the code more efficiently than the others. Pentium processor which is one of the oldest among took larger time to process the code.Figure 3. Parallel processing on different versions of Intel processorsThe parallel code is simulated with different number of Matlab workers. Figure 4 shows the relation between the parallel code and the number of Matlab workers. In this code the number of iterations is kept constant and the time taken by the code to r un with different number of cells is noted. The graphical record shows that parallel code works more efficiently when the number of workers is increase to be four.Figure 4. Performance with different number of Matlab workersThe invigorate-ups increase with the problem size because of the better exploitation of CPU resources and parallel processing. Figure 5 shows the achieved speed-ups for with respect to the serial algorithm running on the CPU. Thus the parallel processing gives a better speed up for larger problems.Figure 5. Speed up comparison for serial and parallel processingFrom the figure 5 it is noted that the parallel processing gives a better speed up. With the previous results the number of iterations and the cell size is varied and the results are noted. For each cell size the iterations are changed and the values are noted. Figure 6 shows the speed up for different cell size at various iterations. From the figure it can be absorbed that larger the computation domain be tter the speed up thereby making the parallel processing very much suitable for larger computation domain.Figure 6. closed circuit vs. SpeedupCONCLUSIONFrom the results it is observed that the disadvantage of the FDTD method can be overcome by using Parallel processing FDTD method. The performance analysis of this paper thereby shows that the parallel processing can be easily achieved efficiently by using modern CPUs award today which can be used to do complex computations.REFERENCES1. Yee, K. S., numeric solution of initial boundary value problems involving Maxwells equations in isotropic media, IEEE legal proceeding on Antennas and Propagation, Vol. 14, No. 5, 302-307, May 1966.2. Time Domain Maxwell s Equations Solver Software and User s Guide, Norwood, MA, Artech House, two hundred4.3. W. Yu and R. Mittra, A Conformal FDTD Software big bucks for Modeling of Antennas and Microstrip Circuit Components, IEEE Antennas and Propagation Magazine, 42, 5, October 2000, pp. 28-39.4. W. Yu and R. Mittra, A Conformal Finite Difference Time Domain Technique for Modeling Curved Dielectric Surfaces,IEEE Microwave and command Wave Letters, January 2001, pp. 25-27.5. W. Yu and R. Mittra, A New Sub gridding Method for Finite Difference Time Domain (FDTD) Algorithm, Microwave Opt. Techno. Lett. , 21, 5, June 1999, pp. 3 3 0-333.6. B. Wang, Y. Wang, W. Yu, and R. Mittra, A crossbreed 2-D FDTD Sub gridding Scheme for Modeling On-Chip Interconnects, IEEE proceeding on Advanced Packaging, 24, 4, November 200 1 , pp. 528-533.7. X. Zhu, T. Dogaru, and L. Carin, Three-Dimensional Biorthogonal Multiresolution Time-Domain Method and Its Application to Electromagnetic Scattering Problems, IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, AP-51, 5, May 2003, pp. 1085- 1 092.8. Q. H. Liu, The PSTD Algorithm A Time-Domain Method Requiring just Two Cells Per Wavelength, Microwave Opt. Technol. Lett.,IS,1997, pp. 1 58- 1 65.9 W. H. Yu, Y. J. Liu, T. Su, N.-T. Huang, and R. Mittra, A r obust parallel conformal finite-difference time-domain processing package using the MPI library, IEEE Antennas Propagat. Mag., vol. 47, no. 3, pp. 39-59, 2005.10 Almasi, G.S, and Gohlied, A, Highly Parallel calculation. Benjamin Cummings Publishing, 2a ed., 1994.11. Taflove A, Brodwin ME. Numerical solution of steady-state electromagnetic scattering problems using the time-dependent Maxwells equations. IEEE Trans Microwave Theory Tech. 1975,MTT-23(8)62330.12. W. Yu, X. Yang, Y. Liu, and R. Mittra Parallel FDTD Performance Analysis on Different Hardware Platforms ,IEEE Int. Symp. Antennas and Propagation Meeting

DIRECT CONNECT MANUAL :: essays research papers

How use channel charge behind a firewall/ highwayr in Active Mode instead of peaceable1.Determine your sickish IP lecture and your local area network IP address this can be done either by exploitation winipcfg.exe or ipconfig.exe in my case looking on the status page of my Linksys router configuration.2. straight set up DC by going to settings connection and scoring the block use Direct Connect in Active Mode, In the staff office DC to accept connections on this port I hand 412 (Im not sure if this matters but it has worked for me) you may indispensability to gip around with it a bit but I believe it has to be a port between 375-425 because these are the ports Direct Connect has to take hold unresolved to function in Active Mode.3.Check the block force direct connect to report this IP and put in the WAN IP address obtained for your situation in Step 1. This completes the setup of DC.This lead vary slightly for Individual Situations I will explain it for a linksys cabl e/dsl router but the same should apply regardless of what your using for a firewall.1.On the linksys router go to the advanced/forwarding tab in the service port range boxes on the left in the scratch one put 375 and in the second put 425 this will open this range of ports on your router and forward them from the WAN facial expression of your Firewall to the LAN face (the same probably applies to whatever you are using for a computer hardware/Software Firewall solution these ports command to pass from the internet side of your Firewall to the intranet side of your Firewall. 2.Now in the next block (at least on the linksys you need to select forward both I tried right udp and just tcp individually it didnt seem to work correctly until I selected forward both.3.In the IP address box this is where you will want to fill in the place to forward the ports to at least on the linksys you can do this by individual IP address. Put the IP Address of the machine on your LAN that you are usi ng Direct Connect on. If your are running DC on multiple machines you may have to repeat steps 1-3 for each IP on your LAN running DC. Click Apply restart DC and you should now be able to use DC and search multiple hubs behind your route/firewall without any problems.

Endangered Species Study: Jaguars :: essays research papers fc

be Species Study JaguarsI. The jaguars of Central and South America apply been being killed for stake andprotection. This cat used to have homes around the United States to Uruguay,but forever since the fears of extinction the jaguars have moved to the undevelopedrain forests in Latin America. Jaguars argon being killed due to legion(predicate) peoplefearing for their own lives and many are also being killed to protect cattle.Jaguars do stalk and bunker their prey, however, they rarely ever attack man.One of the main reasons that jaguars are unruffled living is that they can adapt tomany habitats, from tropical rain forests and muddied areas to scrub lands andgrasslands.II. Jaguars are part of the spiritedness cycle of many species. kill jaguars forprotection and furs are ruining other species that live in the same range asthem. These cats are of no harm to human life, nearly deaths that jaguars havehad a part in were to protect themselves from being killed. umteen jagua rs just disappear from the pressures of being killed. While theanimal is trying to sort habitats they have died. The rain forests that thejaguars inhabit are being torn shore to open up lumbering, farming, livestockraising, and other activities carried out by humans. cleansing a jaguar is takingaway a life that is doing no harm to the eco-system. A jaguars way of livingis much like that of a human, you dont see jaguars killing humans for theirskin.III. Any endangered specie, including the jaguar, has many distinctalternatives in which the government or a national group would have to beinvolved. There are several organizations that help the breeding and life ofmany species. One way of breeding a specific species would be to freeze spermand embryos so that scientists may breed more of the species when they are closeto extinction.IV. I feel that the jaguar can be save by forcing contractors to move theirconstruction to a different place alternatively than a rain forest so that th e jaguars

Critique of the 2007 WCRF Report on Cancer Prevention Essay -- Health,

The supranationally acclaimed World crab louse Research Fund (WCRF) International in London, UK, is considered among many an(prenominal) scientists, to be the leader in the unification of charities dedicated to crab louse research. (Beck, et al., 296). Beck, Thompson and Allen summarized the 2007 WCRF selective information and statistics from around the world on cancer prevention in their paper, polity and Action for crab louse Prevention -- Highlights from a New hide by the World malignant neoplastic disease Research Fund and the American name for crab louse Research. Cancer in its many forms is on the rise globally in 2007 there were 11.3 one million million million cases of cancer and this number is expected to rise to 15.5 million cases by 2030 (296). There atomic number 18 two main reasons for the increase in this deadly disease populations of many countries are aging and the populations of many countries are consuming more foods and drinks that promote weight gain, leading to a higher(prenominal) prevalence of overweight and obesity (296). One of the main purposes of their Policy Report is to provide the public with information that helps get through health goals for trim cancer risk (296). The WCRF suggests policies that protect life at all stages and in this say special emphasis (298) was placed on policies to help children, young women and mothers achieve higher standards in nutrition thereby reducing their risk of cancer. many a(prenominal) scientists are in agreement now that lifestyle with emphasis on proper nutrition is a key factor in reducing the risk of cancer. The 2007 WCRF Report was compiled by a panel of 23 international experts on cancer prevention, who closely examined evidence from a 2007 Diet and Cancer report. There were an additional two professionals on the panel with expert carry out in policy. ... ...he World Cancer Research Fund And The American Institute For Cancer Research. victual Bulletin 34.3 (2009) 296-302 . CINAHL. Web. 22 Jan. 2012.Holman, Dawn M, and Mary C White. Dietary Behaviors Related To Cancer Prevention Among Pre-Adolescents And Adolescents The Gap Between Recommendations And Reality. Nutrition daybook 10.(2011) 60. MEDLINE. Web. 23 Jan. 2012.Tercyak, Kenneth P, and Vida L Tyc. Opportunities And Challenges In The Prevention And Control Of Cancer And Other Chronic Diseases Childrens Diet And Nutrition And Weight And Physical Activity. Journal Of Pediatric Psychology 31.8 (2006) 750-763. MEDLINE. Web. 23 Jan. 2012.James R Cerhan, et al. Factors Associated With Breast Cancer Prevention Communication Between Mothers And Daughters. Journal Of Womens Health (2002) 17.6 (2008) 1017-1023. MEDLINE. Web. 22 Jan. 2012.

The Allegory of the Cave and Dante Essay -- Plato Allegory Cave Dante

The Allegory of the Cave and DanteIf you would not be forgotten as soon as you are dead and rotten, either draw up things worth reading or do things worth writing. This maxim applies to the poet Dante Alighieri, writer of The Inferno in the 1300s, because it asserts the need to establish oneself as a contributor to society. Indeed, Dantes work contributes much to Renaissance Italy as his work is the basic of its scope and size to be written in the vernacular. Due to its readability and availability, The Inferno is a nationalistic symbol. With this widespread availability also comes a certain social responsibility even though Dantes sense of hearing would have been familiar with the religious dogma, he assumes the didactic role of illustrating his own version of Christian justice and emphasizes the need for a personal thought of divine wisdom and contrapasso, the idea of the perfect punishment for the crime. Dante acts as both(prenominal) author and narrator, completing a physical and spiritual journeying into the infernal region with Virgil as his guide and mentor. The journey from darkness into light is an allegory copious of symbolic representation, much like that of Platos Allegory of the Cave, which shows a philosophers journey towards truth. Therefore, Dante would also agree with the maxim, Wise men learn by others harms fools merely by their own, because on the road to gaining familiarity and spiritual enlightenment, characters who learn priceless lessons from the misfortunes of others strengthen their own paradigms. Nonetheless, the only true demeanor to gain fellowship is to experience it commencement exercise hand. Dantes character finds truth by way of his own personal quest. Dantes poetry is rich in symbolism of light and darkness. At the beginn... ...ards monstrous figures and sympathy towards those who seem to be anguished unjustly. In his perverse education, with instruction from Virgil and the shades, Dante lea rns to replace mercy with brutality, because sympathy in Hell condones sin and denies divine justice. The ancient philosopher Plato, present in the first level of Hell, argues in The Allegory of the Cave that truth is possible via knowledge of the Form of the Good. Similarly, Dante acquires truth through a gradual understanding of contrapasso and the intuition of divine justice in the afterlife. Ultimately, Dante recognizes that the actions of the earthly fresh are classic because the soul lives on afterwards to face the ramifications. By expressing his ideas on devotion and righteousness, Dante writes a work worth reading, immortalizes his name, and exalts the beliefs of his Christian audience.

Gender Stereotype Essay -- essays papers

Gender stump According to the writers in chapter, Gender Stereotyping And the Media, gender stereotypes are harmful to custody and women. Gender stereotypes set impossible standards for men and women that lead to unhappiness, loneliness and mayhap violence towards themselves. Stereotypes affect relationships between a man and a woman. Moreover, stereotypes inflict the behavior of boys and girls that lead to violence. Rather than combating gender stereotypes, our society reinforces stereotypes by pass(a) them to the next generation and giving labels and names to the people who do non conform to the stereotypes. Hence, the dichotomy is that our society buys into the stereotypes that reinforce abuse, while tying to transplant violence from our society. Traditional female stereotypes rigidly emphasize the belief that women must(prenominal) perform the specific role that are assigned to them. From a conventional perspective, femininity is characterized by passivity and sumission. (Devor P.169) Feminine characteristics of passivity and submission permit women to best fulfill t...

George Washingtons Life :: essays research papers fc

George Washington was natural on February 22, 1732 in Westmoreland County, Virginia. George Washington inherited much more than a good mind and a strong body. He belonged to an old colonial family that believed in hard work, public service and in worshiping God.Washingtons father, Augustine Washington was innate(p) in 1694 and died in 1743. He had four children with his counterbalance wife, Jane Butler Washington. She died in 1729. In March 1731, Augustine married Mary Ball. She was Georges mother. Mary was born in 1709 and died in 1789. most good deal think of George Washington as a young boy who chopped down a cherry tree. Some also think he could throw coins across the Rappahannock River. Many people laugh when they think of his ill-judged teeth. Almost everybody believes that he was the first prexy of our country. Only one of these facts are true. Washington did have false teeth. His false teeth were made of whale bone and deer antlers. He neer chopped down a cherry tree , and unless his pitching arm was recrudesce than that of any professional baseball player, he could have never thrown and twisted anything across the river. The most startling fact is that he wasnt even the first president.Our first president was John Hanson. He was elected president of the bakers dozen states in the Confederation. After Hanson, there were more before Washington. There was Elias Boudinot, doubting Thomas Mifflin, Richard Henery and Cyrus Griffin.At the age of 17, Washington began traveling across rivers, mountains and Indian trails to strange parts of Virginia. He learned to survive in the wilderness. When Washington was 20, his associate Lawrence died and Washington became the owner of Mount Vernon. At the age of 21, he fought heroically in the French and Indian War which raged in Canada. He began his forces career in late 1752 as an adjutant for the Virginia Military. After that he became a British officer in the French Indian War. In 1775, he was almost kil led while serving as an aide to frequent Edward Braddock. Three years later, Washington was elected to the Virginia House of Burgeses. He indeed served as Justice of the Peace for Fairfay County. He resigned from the military with the rank of Colonel. As a young man, Washington was a romantic. He fell in love many times. He was rejected twice before he met the woman he finally married.

music :: essays research papers

Why do deal walk down a busy city street ignoring others and not talking? Why be they ignorant to the homeless asking for change just to survive? And wherefore do cross walk signs become life savers? I canful tell you whats wrong with these people, harmony. Music works wonders for anyone and everyone. There is no air around music. It is everywhere and contend at all times. From people blasting music with twelve inch subwoofers in their car thrust past on the street to the proud parents of a newborn playing Beethoven and Mozart as it lies in its crib, you cannot avoid music. both since I was piddling I would listen to music. The first music I remember earshot to is country. My grand pap and I would go fishing early in the morning and he would play country music for the two minute trip up to Pymatuming Lake then two hours back on the way home. I will not lie his music put me incognizant fast. After finding how soothing something music was, I would wake up for school and eat my cereal as I watch MTV or VH1. The songs would stick in my head and I would sing them all twenty-four hour period long. I also realized that I was more awake during school. with bulge out delay that I am older I still do that aforesaid(prenominal) routine. I wake up and listen to music and walk out the door with a smile on my face and a heartbeat to sooth my mind. As I am typing this paper I am also listening to music. It has engulfed and made a huge impacted on my life at different periods. At times I would be down and out I will listen to soft music and take a drive on windy roads in the woods. When my friends and I go out we will listen to anything from The Temptations to the newest rap and pop out songs.In high school I use to play baseball. Every bus ride to the opponents field, I would listen to loud-voiced rock music and rap music. After thirty minutes of music, my epinephrine would be rushing and yet I would be relaxed at the analogous time. I would take infield pra ctice and think of beats and lyrics in my head as caught the baseball. The beats and lyrics were so automatic that catching and palm the baseball would become automatic too.

Cal Ripken :: essays research papers

The relationship that this concur has with psychology is a very familiar one. One would not expect to look at this book with a psychological view, unless you look into the deeper meanings of Ripken and what his thought process is. The book allows you to larn what a boy&8217s point of view of a family that grew up in a modest fashion, with baseball being prevalent passim his life.After reading the book and asking myself what Mr. Ripken was thinking during his life and the meat of the book I find myself relating it to Psychology. You lowlife see how Ripken developed into a player from his point of view and how he handled himself mentally. You can see how he his family, mostly his dad has influenced him throughout his younger days and all the centering through his professional career. By reading of what his mind interpreted and the sights and sounds of the room he perceived things made this a highly psychological book. You can almost analyze Ripken by reading through the book a nd seeing first hand what he was thinking and personal details to what he thought was important.The thesis of the book lies directly in the title. I mark reading through the whole book, wondering what the whole purpose in writing, or what was the motivation for the book other that to better understand the incidental game streak that Ripken now holds. Doing the only(prenominal) thing that I fill out how to do. This simple statement is the thesis of the book. At first this is delicate to believe, nevertheless the whole book describes it perfectly. While growing up Ripken only two things baseball and traveling. Hard work and games were part of his life. Ripken learns at an early geezerhood that he is not rich, not specifically talented, but a hard worker. He takes this attitude and applies it to baseball, following the example of his preceptor. The simple for reason, which is also the thesis, is because this is the only way that he knew how.The treatment that Ripken gets is a very familiar one. He is the oldest of four children, so this automatically put him in leadership role. This derives from his father being gone so often playing in the capacious list of minor leagues that Cal Ripken Sr. played up and down the eastbound Coast. Since his father was away many times, this put Jr.

HP-48SX Scientific Expandable Calculator Essay -- Technology Calculato

HP-48SX scientific Expandable CalculatorHistoryThe HP-48SX Scientific Expandable reckoner was manufactured by Hewlett Packard and the copyright is dated 1989. At the time of release, the HP-48 serial was the most advanced line of scientific computers available to those in the proficient fields. I purchased the reckoner in 1991 through a high take mathematics program. It has been used extensively since then for virtually every single out I have taken. So far, the calculator has never malfunctioned.MaterialThe chief(prenominal) material of the HP-48SX is plastic. The case is hard brown plastic. The front panel is a thin metal sheet with soft plastic buttons. The screen is a large liquid crystal display.For a much more detailed description of a similar calculator, see Kim Myers identification section for her HP-48G. aspectThe internal parts of the HP-48SX consist mainly of a small central processor and its associated connections. These connections were made by soldering. The e xternal case of the calculator was made exploitation the technique of injection molding. The calculator was built for convenience of use. The size is double-dyed(a) for the palm of the hand. Also, rubber stoppers on the bottom panel ensure the calculator does not slip on many surfaces.DesignAs mentioned above, the anatomy and construction of the calculator make it convenient and easy to use. Also, the symbols used engage standard conventions which reduces the chance of confusion. The ability to produce characters of both the English and classical alphabets gives the user the ability to write any word or equation.The keypad interface is arranged for simple use. All the buttons are labeled understandably with primary, secondary, and tertiary operations. Functions not contr... ... peers with respect to technological possessions. My HP represents my first musical note into high tech equipment.Lastly, my HP-48SX symbolizes success. With its assistance, I quality I can take over any problem. Its functions gives me the capability to do so. Also, I can check my circulating(prenominal) success by accessing the grades I hold in memory. I feel that as long as I have and use my HP-48SX Scientific Expandable calculator I will never fail.I examined my calculator with a focus on academics. Many other students did not say their artifacts in the same terms. Alicia Moyer wrote on a turkey sandwich and the pragmatic and recreational aspects of it. She considers her sandwich not only a meal, but in addition a work of art, as well as a kind break from her schoolwork. Her artifact study is another example of one do on a utilitarian object but with a approximately different focus.

A Jungian Analysis of How Like a God Essay -- How Like a God Essays

A Jungian Analysis of How Like a God Isaac Asimov was certainly correct when he stated that the writer of a story doesnt unavoidably k straight off everything ab knocked out(p) it. The author, Brenda W. Clough, claims non to have had an acquaintance with Carl Jungs work when piece How Like a God. However, the architecture of the book is strikingly Jungian. In the origin of the novel, the main character, cabbage has very little interest in his appearance. umpteen computer people are like that, and he has his devoted married woman Julianne to make all the sartorial decisions for him. He looks like a desk warrior, pale, uninteresting, and out of shape. He wears neutral colors, beige and br feature, to symbolize his undifferentiated state. In scrap part of the novel, down the stairs the intolerable agony of losing his family, Robs cold dark facial expression emerges and quickly takes over. The new regime is inaugurated by unnatural and life-denying behavior not eating, not dri nking, not sleeping, but sinking down into the dark on a park bench. Robs appearance alters as he takes to wearing rags and a dark blue toggle coat. He loses weight because he forgets to eat. as yet his sexuality is warped. When he faces up to whats going on he right away tries to change by getting a haircut. At the hairdresser he notices music for the maiden time in the book. He likewise notices hes blonder. He now has a light, and a dark, side. In part three of the novel, under Edwins beneficent influence, Rob cultivates his better inclinations and inadvertently worsens a one-sidedness. He forces the tramp, now stigmatized as a frightening monster, down into the sub-basement of himself -- the trap-door of which, however, has no lock. Edwin is the natural booster of Robs good, lighter side... ...the power warp him into not-self, of becoming Gilgamesh. He knows the face of his own evil now, and the knowledge is a responsibility. In this soup of symbols Edwin has two roles. He is of course a hermeneut, guiding Rob towards self-realization. But he is also Virgil, the icon of reason and light and learning to Robs Dante. (This is the reason why Rob is vaguely repelled by The Divine Comedy in the New York public Library. At that point hes in full avoidance mode, and even the first line of the poem cuts too close to home. Midway in our lifes tour I went astray from the straight road, and woke to find myself alone in a dark wood. Ouch) Edwin can guide Rob forward to the final foeman with his dark side, but he cant battle the shadow himself. In point Edwin finds Robs unconscious realm intolerable, since reason has no place there.

Thomas Jefferson Essays -- essays research papers

Thomas Jefferson&9Thomas Jefferson was the third death chair of the United States. His terms lasted from the year 1801 to the year 1809. Jefferson was an American revolutionary loss leader as well as an influential political philosopher. Jefferson was among a chemical group of the most brilliant Americans that resulted from the Enlightenment in Europe. Possibly one of the outperform writers during his cadence, Jefferson was the principal author of the Declaration of Independence.&9Jeffersons status as a Virginia aristocrat gave him the two most important things to become an improve man, which was a difficult thing to become during that time. Those two things, time and the resources, allowed him to civilize himself in history, literature, law, architecture, science, and philosophy. He also had a great need of exploit on his ideals that came directly from the European culture and thought because he had been a diplomat and friend of French and British intellectuals. Jefferson was born on the thirteenth day of April of the year 1743 at Shadwell in Goochland (now in Albemarle) Co., Virginia, which was at the time considered a western outpost and was to remain as Jeffersons lifelong home. He was the son of Peter Jefferson and Jane Randolph Jefferson. His father, Peter, was a surveyor, a cartographer, and a grove owner and he was also largely self-educated. His mother, Jane was from the outstanding Rudolph family of colonial Virginia. Jeffersons intense interest in botany, geology, cartography, North American exploration, and love of Hellenic and Latin are due largely from his father and his surrounding purlieu out in the west where he also absorbed the antiauthoritarian views of his Western countrymen. &9For several years, Jefferson studied at the local grammar and Graeco-Roman schools. After that, he entered the College of William and Mary in the year 1760. During his time at the college, he had become a close friend to three prominent residents of W illiamsburg William Small, George Wythe, and Francis Fauquier who was the lieutenant governor of the colony. Small was of the college faculty who Jefferson had studied under. Small had an in depth knowledge of the Scottish Englightenment and its approach to law, history, philosophy, and science. He had also introduced him to the inseparable sciences and to rational methods of inquiry. Wythe was of the Virginia bar. ... ...ge. Interest payments from the final settlement finally made the summation price $27,267,622. Despite the scruples that Jefferson had about the purchase being native or not, his other fears that Napoleon would change his mind because of Livingstons reports and from the sweep over public approval of the Louisiana Purchase, except for most of New England, at long last overcame him and he approved. After the United States Senate ratified the treaty in October of that kindred year, the flag of the United States was raised over New Orleans on the twentieth of Dec ember. Even though the United States had purchased a great deal of land, it was still unclear. The wording of the treaty was vague and the boundaries were not clearly described. Also, the accompaniment that the United States was to also own West Florida, which was suppose to be considered start out of Louisiana was not assured. Despite that the final boundaries of the territory were not colonised for many years, the boundaries roughly extended form the Mississippi River to the Rocky Mountains and from the disconnectedness of Mexico to British North America. The total purchase had doubled the national domain, change magnitude it 2,144,500 square kilometers.

Rite Aid Stock Analysis :: essays research papers

I chose to analyze the third largest retail drugstore chain in the United States, Rite help oneself raftoration. I chose to analyze Rite upkeep Corp. because our family owns approximately 1200 shares and we have taken quite a loss on our investment. We are in the process of deciding whether or not we should treat our stock. Additionally, my Mother has been a pharmacist at Rite Aid Corp for 11 years and she often pays close attention to the financial stability of the company. We both feel that when you are employed by a corporation, that the corporation should be financially stable. A financially secure employer is one who more often than not offers better compensation and advancement to its employees.Rite Aid Corp. has its corporate headquarter located at 30 Hunter Lane, Camp Hill, Pennsylvania 17001, and their telephone set number is (717) 761-2633. Rite Aids common stock is listed on the New York Stock Exchange and the Pacific Stock Exchange to a lower place the trading symbol RAD The board of directors consists of 11 members. Robert G. Miller is the mind Executive Officer (CEO) and Chairman of the Board. The board is mainly male in gender with only 2 female directors. One of these females is Mary F. Sammons, chair of the Rite Aid Corp. She is not only the President of the company, but besides fulfils the role as Chief Operating Officer. The majority of the members are everywhere the age of 55 years, with the youngest member being 43 years white-haired and the oldest being 72 years old. Rite Aid Corp. sells prescription drugs and a wide assortment of general merchandise that they call front-end products, including over-the-counter medications, wellness and beauty aids and personal care items, cosmetics, greeting cards, household items, comfort station foods, photo processing services, and seasonal merchandise. They are distinguished from other national chain drugstores, in part, through their private label brands, their stores-within-Rite A id stores course of instruction with GNC and by their Internet presence. The deal of prescription drugs alone represents 59.5% of their total sales. nonprescription(prenominal) drugs and personal care items (10.9%), health and beauty aids (5.8%), and general merchandise (23.8%) account for the remaining 40.5% of their total 2001 fiscal year sales. Rite Aid Corp. operates in the highly competitive retail drugstore industry. In the sale of prescription drugs, they compete with, among others, retail drugstore chains, independently owned drugstores, cud merchandisers, supermarkets, discount stores, and mail order pharmacies.

Chaucers Canterbury Tales - Knights Tale :: Chaucer Knights Tale Essays

Chaucers Knights Tale Now you See it, Now you Dont In the Matthean discourse on sin and the kingdom of heaven, Jesus says, And if your affection causes you to sin, surcharge it out and throw it from you it is better for you to enter life with one center field than with two warmnesss to be thrown into the hell of fire. (Matt.19.9). Yet this preachment is perhaps better known through the compressed poetry of the king James translation. If thine eye offend thee, pluck it out. Grahically and even grotesquely materialized, the eye is that which offends, that which slides, with terrible corporeality, from the body to the table. In this proverb of the visual, it or that which requires excision in the offense, is the self, in an erasure of exteriority. There is no object, no objective it that offends. The contemplate and its object are coterminous the eye becomes the screen, the site of truth--both agent and fomite of retributive justice. Vision never leaves the body, but sits at its margins--or only leaves it when the eye is thrown away, and the world becomes encapsulated in a broader metaphoric range myself, the heap where my eye was, and the eye lying across the room. I begin with this embody proverb, in part because it troubles, and has always troubled me, rising in the slanted with its self-reflexive and impossible logic. It also haunts the margins of all discourse on vision, informing the picture of slippage between self and object we look on, the trap, as Lacan writes, of the gaze (93). In his moving seminaires on the eye and the gaze, Lacan speaks of the all- verifying spectacle of the world, the inside-out structure of the gaze that fixes us in front of what we see (75) What determines me, at the most profound level, in the visible, is the gaze that is outside. (106) Unlike the it of the Matthean proverb, Lacans eye stands apart from the interplay between subject and object, the ocelli as distinct from the gaze yet both texts seem to describe the number of vision in terms of a radical discontinuity between what we see and the self that perceives it both have us fixed before a world--and in Matthew we respond like Oedipus, with self-castration. In Chaucers Knigthts Tale, a tale liberal in overlays of visual narratives, one of the first accounts of the operations of the gaze cause a similar kind of inversion, one fully authorized by medieval amatory metaphysics.

Oliver twist - I am going to analyze how Charles Dickens portrayed Essa

Oliver twist - I am going to dismantle how Charles demon portrayed Olivers smell to show his consultation the poverty, sickness and desperation that he saw virtually him ever since he was young.Oliver twist canvasI am going to analyze how Charles Dickens portrayed Olivers life toshow his audience the poverty, sickness and desperation that he saw dependable ab break through him ever since he was young. The fictitious character Olivertwist was born into positive poverty. As Dickens writes It remained amatter of consider sufficient doubt whether the pip-squeak would survive to bearany name at all. Charles Dickens had archetypal hand experience ofpoverty his parents were imprisoned for a year for cosmos offenders ofthe poor laws- they hadnt enough money to support their family andgot into debt, which they couldnt pay. So Charles spent near of histime walking around the dirty back streets of London, where hewitnessed a prominent deal of poor pile who had been reduced tocrimi nals, prostitutes and beggars who lived surrounded by poverty,disease and abandoned children whose parents were either dead or nonable to look after their offspring financially. The vast division in community of lower and upper classes influenced Dickens to write to tellother people what the conditions for the poor were really like. He hadto be subtle he didnt exigency to alienate his upper class audience. Sohe wrote a novel, revolving around memorable characters and places toentertain his audience. Dickens knew that people learnt more and weremore ordain to listen whilst being entertained, so he wrote historyas entertainment. Dickens audience consisted of two groups thesub-literate who were the poor that attended his readings as theycouldnt read, and the... ...e white waist coatgentleman was right or not, I should perhaps mar the interest group of thisnarrative (supposing it to possess any at all), if I ventured to hintjust yet, whether the life of Oliver Twist had this violen ttermination or no. Dickens was uncertain of who Oliver was going toturn out to be until the novel was sound established. He was planningthe story as he went along, writing apiece chapter separately instead ofplanning the whole novel.Overall, Oliver Twist is one of the great novels written with a desireto send a message out to people, and a message that changed peoplesperspectives of poor life in those times, which I hope is thereason that it is remembered so well to this day. From reading thisbook I gull learnt about the circumstances of those times in a way notpossible from reading a textbook. I saw it through a childs eyes.

Socrates was a Wise and Harmless Man :: Argumentative Persuasive Argument Essays

Socrates and the ApologySome of the best sources of information about Socrates philosophical views are the early dialogues of his student Plato, who tried to provide a true picture of the methods and teachings of the great master. The Apology is one of the many-recorded dialogues about Socrates. It is about how Socrates was arrested and supercharged with corrupting the youth, believing in no god(s) (Atheism) and for universe a Sophist. He attended his trial and put up a good argument. I believe that Socrates was wrongfully accused and should not have been sentenced to death. Within the duration of this document, I will be discussing the charges laid against Socrates and how he attempted to refute the charges. One of the reasons why Socrates was arrested was because he was being accused of corrupting the minds of the students he taught. I soulfulnessally feel that it is al more or less impossible for one person to corrupt the estimations and feelings of a whole group of people. Improvement comes form a minority and corruption comes from the majority. Socrates is one man (minority) therefore it is less likely the youth have been corrupted by Socrates than by some large group of people (educators, council members, jurymen etc...). Socrates was also put on trial for being an Atheist. In the argument Socrates has with Meletus, Socrates gets Meletus to admit that Socrates is Atheist and theist. Considering that both of these practices are only incompatible, and Meletus admits to both of theses, maybe Meletus does not really understand what he is accusive Socrates of. I understand that back then not believing in religion was considered a crime but to actually sentence someone to death for being different is totally uncalled for. Thirdly, because Socrates practiced making clear arguments strong (Sophist). Socrates was a traveling teacher and talked and challenged everyone he met. Socrates taught the art of telling speaking. He did not charge people money like most of the other Sophists did, but he did have similar beliefs as the Sophists. Sophists thought that our minds are cut off from reality and that we are stuck in our avouch opinions of what the world was like. Socrates believed that reason or nature could not tell us why the world is the way it appears. The Sophists point of view is best summed up as this we can never step out of the way things appear.